The list draws on the kinds of indicators used by the IWA performance-indicator system, national regulators and the OECD water-governance work. It is deliberately short: a board that sees these 20 every quarter can spot most problems early.
Service & quality
Hours of supply, interruptions, drinking-water compliance and incidents. These are what residents notice first, and what Flint's oversight failed to escalate.
Ask: are results shown by area, so that poorer districts aren't averaged away?
Losses & assets
The water balance, leakage per connection or ILI, and the renewal rate. Together they show whether the network is being maintained or used up.
Ask: is there a published annual water balance?
Money
Cost coverage, the funded and deferred capital plan, ring-fencing and a plain tariff explanation.
Ask: the 10 budget questions.
Fairness & access
Households above the affordability benchmark, disconnections, and who is still unserved. The UN human right to water makes these central, not optional.
Ask: test a typical low-income bill with the affordability calculator.
Wastewater & environment
Treatment compliance and storm-overflow spills. England's spill monitoring went from patchy coverage to almost every overflow being reported, and public pressure followed.
Ask: see the sanitation & wastewater page.
Integrity & engagement
Contract awards and variations, board papers and minutes, complaints and consultation results: the trail that lets anyone check how decisions were made.
Ask: screen major contracts with the red flags.